The impact of social support on treatment adherence among HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State
- Project Research
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Social support plays a crucial role in the successful management of HIV/AIDS by influencing treatment adherence and overall well-being. In Kaduna State, where HIV/AIDS continues to be a significant public health concern, robust social support networks can help individuals maintain consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and cope with the psychological challenges associated with the disease. Social support may come from family, friends, community organizations, and peer support groups, all of which provide emotional, informational, and practical assistance (Ibrahim, 2024; Adeyemi, 2023).
Treatment adherence is critical for controlling HIV viral load, preventing drug resistance, and improving long-term health outcomes. However, many HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State face challenges such as stigma, isolation, and mental health issues that can compromise adherence. Studies have shown that individuals with strong social support are more likely to adhere to treatment regimens, attend regular follow-up appointments, and experience improved quality of life (Chukwu, 2024). Despite the recognized benefits of social support, there is a need to understand its specific impact on ART adherence in the context of Kaduna State, where cultural and socio-economic factors may influence the availability and effectiveness of support networks.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of social support on treatment adherence among HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State. By examining various dimensions of social support and their association with adherence rates, the research seeks to identify the key factors that contribute to successful HIV management. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative adherence data with qualitative interviews to capture the lived experiences of individuals navigating HIV treatment. The findings are expected to inform interventions that strengthen social support mechanisms and enhance ART adherence, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for HIV-positive individuals (Ogunleye, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
In Kaduna State, treatment adherence among HIV-positive individuals is hampered by multiple factors, with insufficient social support emerging as a key barrier. Many patients experience isolation, stigma, and mental health challenges that negatively impact their ability to adhere to ART. The lack of robust support networks, whether from family, friends, or community organizations, can lead to missed medication doses, inconsistent follow-up, and ultimately, treatment failure. This gap in social support not only undermines the effectiveness of ART but also exacerbates the overall burden of HIV/AIDS in the region (Lawal, 2023).
Furthermore, the absence of systematic interventions to foster and enhance social support for HIV-positive individuals limits the potential for improved treatment adherence. While some community-based programs exist, they are often fragmented and fail to address the comprehensive needs of patients. The resulting low adherence rates contribute to increased viral loads, higher risk of drug resistance, and poorer health outcomes. Without addressing the social dimensions of HIV treatment, efforts to control the epidemic may be less effective, leaving a significant portion of the HIV-positive population vulnerable.
This study seeks to address these challenges by examining the impact of social support on ART adherence among HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State. The research will identify the key sources of social support and evaluate their influence on patient behavior, with the aim of developing targeted interventions to improve adherence and overall health outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of social support available to HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State.
- To evaluate the relationship between social support and ART adherence.
- To recommend interventions to strengthen support networks and improve treatment outcomes.
Research Questions
- What types of social support are most common among HIV-positive individuals in Kaduna State?
- How does social support influence ART adherence?
- What interventions can enhance social support and treatment adherence?
Research Hypotheses
- Strong social support is significantly associated with higher ART adherence.
- Lack of social support is a major predictor of treatment non-adherence.
- Targeted interventions to enhance social support will improve adherence rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on HIV-positive individuals in selected healthcare facilities in Kaduna State. Data will be collected through surveys, interviews, and review of adherence records. Limitations include self-report bias and challenges in quantifying social support.
Definitions of Terms
- Social Support: Emotional, informational, and practical assistance provided by social networks.
- ART Adherence: Consistent and correct use of antiretroviral therapy.
- HIV-Positive Individuals: Persons diagnosed with HIV/AIDS.
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